4G LTE Uplink frame common to FDD and TDD access modes.

Figure below shows the LTE generic uplink subframe structure with normal cyclic prefix. PUSCH data is transmitted around middle resource blocks to reduce out of carrier band emissions. PUCCH symbols are defined by a code and two resource blocks adjacent in time. Also inter-slot hopping is enabled for PUCCH to support frequency diversity.

LTE UL Generic frame structure.

LTE - 4G Wireless Technology

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Frame Duration = 10 ms or 10/1000000 second.
One Frame has 10 sub-frames. Sub-frame duration = 1 ms or 1/1000000 second.
One Sub-frame has 2 time slots. One Time slot = .5 ms or 1/2000000 second.
LTE generic uplink frame is made up of PUCCH, PUSCH and demodulation RS. WE will discuss those below.
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) carries following control information to eNodeB:-
ACK/NACK for downlink transmission, Scheduling Request Indicator (SRI) and feedback of downlink channel quality (CQI) and pre-coding vector.
Two types of reference signals are discussed below for the uplink –

Reference signals in UPLINK: LTE Uplink reference signals are preliminarily known as Demodulation Reference Signals (DMRS) or Sounding Reference Signals.

In PUSCH channel, DMRS appears in the fourth resource element of every sub-carrier of a resource block transmitted.

In a PUCCH, the demodulation reference signal can appear in any resource elements 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 depending on which of four PUCCH formats is employed.

It is also possible that sounding reference signals are also present in separate resource blocks.

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